Optimal Dispatch and Technical and Economic Feasibility Analysis of Residential Microgrids Considering Demand Side Management

Abstract The electrical system is becoming more robust with the insertion of distributed energy resources (DERs) and the need for energy autonomy by consumers, given that the current scenario is a growth in demand for electric energy. This paper aims to apply a computational model capable of determining the optimal hourly allocation of controllable loads in residence, as well as studying the optimal dispatch of residential microgrids considering management on the demand side. In addition, this paper presents an economic feasibility analysis of residential microgrids considering distributed generation from wind and solar sources, distributed storage, electric vehicles, and residential controllable loads. Thus, it was possible to conclude that in residence, the insertion of distributed energy generation and storage elements can present a significant reduction in electric energy costs, which can be even greater if these elements are associated with optimized controllable load management.

Technical and economic viability of the installation of a hybrid solar-wind generation system in a Brazilian industry

Abstract The demand for electricity is growing worldwide. At the same time, the non-renewable natural resources that account for a large proportion of the global energy matrix are rapidly depleting, which will pose a major challenge in the near future. Therefore, micro-grid models that use renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, are rapidly developing and are becoming economically viable alternatives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic viability of installing solar and wind power generation systems in the NOVVALIGHT electrical components factory located in Campo Largo, Paraná, Brazil. The most viable model was the combination of solar and wind energy, which would generate approximately 260 MWh of energy per year. Using financing provided by the Brazilian Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES), this proposal has an eight-year payback period, net present value of BRL 149,097.42, and internal rate of return of 18%, demonstrating its economic viability.

Simulación del flujo de viento sobre el territorio de Guatemala utilizando un modelo climático regional / Simulation of wind flux over the Guatemala territory usingaregional climate model

Se presenta un análisis de la circulación del viento en la vecindad de la superficie terreste, para una región centrada alrededor de Guatemala. Para tal fin se utilizó el modelo climático regional (RegCM), con el cual se simuló la dinámica atmosférica sobre dicha región durante todo el 2016. El propósito del estudio es obtener la variación de mesoescala (decenas de kilómetros) del campo de velocidad del viento. Se puede observar que a medida que la resolución se incrementa se obtiene una representación más precisa de los detalles y características de la topografía del terreno, la cual influye en los patrones de circulación del viento a escalas de pocos kilómetros. Con una resolución fina de2km es posible observar zonas de flujo intenso de viento sobre la superficie; como en Palín, Escuintla. También se logra ver la presencia de patrones de circulación diurna que son producto del ciclo diario de calentamiento del terreno debido al sol y el consecuente enfriamiento durante la noche. Este es el primer reporte de una línea de estudio en donde se planea analizar las características climáticas propias de la región guatemalteca.

We present an analysis of the wind circulation in the vecinity of the ground surface, for a region centered around Guatemala. We used the regional climate model RegCM to simulate the atmospheric dynamics above that region during the full year 2016. The purpose of the study is to obtain the mesoscale variation (tens of kilometers) of the wind velocity field. It can be seen that as resolution is increased, the details in topography are better represented, they in turn influence the wind circulation patterns on scales of a few kilometers. With a fine resolution of 2 km it is possible to confirm the existence of intense wind flux zones over the surface; such as Palín, Escuintla. We are also able to observe diurnally varying circulations, which are the product of the daily cycle of terrain heating due to the sun and the subsecuent cooling during the night. This is the first report in a line of studies where we plan to analyze the climatic features of the Guatemalan region.

Computational Model for Microgeneration Simulation, From Solar and Wind Renewable Sources, With Optimal Allocation of Loads, Electric Vehicle and Energy Storage, In a Residential Electrical Micro Network

Abstract The electrical sector is under constant evolution. One of the areas refers to the consumers that come to be generators, implementing distributed generation, interconnected to a smart grid. This article discusses the improvement of an algorithm, already presented in the literature, to make the best temporal allocation of loads, electric vehicle, storage and many sources of generation, aiming at the maximum financial performance, that is, the lowest value for the energy invoice The modeling consists of a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) algorithm, which considers each component of the system and weighs the maintenance and shelf life of storage devices, basically batteries, loads that can be reallocated and the concept of Vehicle-to-grid, performing a daily analysis. The simulation has considered the hypothetical case of a residence, in which are included storage, electric vehicle and redistribution of loads, as well as wind and solar generation. Several scenarios are simulated, with or without the presence of some of the components. The results indicate that the simplest model, only redistributing the loads, can provide a sensible monetary savings of approximately 60%, while with the application of all the components modeled, there can be a reduction in the invoice of 90%.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Wind Power Generation: Application of the Methodology and the Generator to Power System

ABSTRACT Sustainability and economics are current issues in the generation of electricity. The energy matrix is diversified and some forms have stood out, such as wind. Some tools have been developed to improve project efficiency, one of which is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). This presents solidity when assisting projects financially and environmentally, evaluating materials and processes. The present study aimed to analyze the application of LCA in a wind power plant. After searching the main databases and using filters, the analysis was developed from the information of an article that described the application of the LCA to a wind power plant using computational simulation, providing an overview of the production and potential environmental impacts for the process manufacturing, parts maintenance, disposal and recycling at end of lifespan. The phases, steps and the threshold diagram of the LCA system were observed. The results showed a high rate of reuse/recycling of some materials and significant reductions in emissions, financial costs and abatement of environmental payback if the materials were recycled at the end of lifespan. Recycling has shown positive environmental aspects and a significant cost reduction, allowing the expansion of markets and optimization of wind projects.

Dermatitis de contacto profesional en la industria eólica / Occupational Contact Dermatitis in the Wind Energy Industry

Introducción y objetivos: En el año 2010 la energía eólica en España incrementó su capacidad de cobertura un 16%, lo que posiciona al país en el cuarto lugar del mundo en este sector industrial, de gran desarrollo económico y fuente de empleo. Las dermatosis profesionales en este campo han sido poco estudiadas. Con el presente estudio se pretende describir las principales características de la afectación cutánea en sus trabajadores y los alérgenos implicados. Material y método: Se realiza un estudio descriptivo y observacional de trabajadores de la industria eólica con sospecha de dermatitis de contacto remitidos a consulta de Dermatología Laboral de la Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo entre 2009 y 2011. Se realizó historia clínica, historia laboral, exploración física y pruebas epicutáneas según los materiales manipulados por estos trabajadores. Resultados: Se estudiaron 10 trabajadores (8 hombres, 2 mujeres) pertenecientes a esta industria. La media de edad fue de 33,7 años. El cuadro principal fue eccema que afectaba a la cara, a los párpados, a los antebrazos y a las manos. En 4 trabajadores se encontró una sensibilización a resinas epoxi, uno de ellos presentó, además, sensibilización a sus endurecedores. Un paciente se encontraba sensibilizado a la resina de bisfenol F, con negatividad de la resina epoxi de la batería estándar. En los 5 casos restantes el diagnóstico final fue el de dermatitis de contacto irritativa por fibra de vidrio. Conclusiones: Las dermatosis ocupacionales en la industria eólica son cada vez más frecuentes. Las resinas epoxi son sus principales alérgenos, mientras que la fibra de vidrio suele producir cuadros irritativos (AU)

Background and objectives: In 2010, wind energy coverage in Spain increased by 16%, making the country the world’s fourth largest producer in a fast-developing industry that is also a source of employment. Occupational skin diseases in this field have received little attention. The present study aims to describe the main characteristics of skin diseases affecting workers in the wind energy industry and the allergens involved. Material and methods: We performed a descriptive, observational study of workers from the wind energy industry with suspected contact dermatitis who were referred to the occupational dermatology clinic of the National School of Occupational Medicine (Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo) between 2009 and 2011. We took both a clinical history and an occupational history, and patients underwent a physical examination and patch testing with the materials used in their work. Results: We studied 10 workers (8 men, 2 women), with a mean age of 33.7 years. The main finding was dermatitis, which affected the face, eyelids, forearms, and hands. Sensitization to epoxy resins was detected in 4 workers, 1 of whom was also sensitized to epoxy curing agents. One worker was sensitized to bisphenol F resin but had a negative result with epoxy resin from the standard series. In the 5 remaining cases, the final diagnosis was irritant contact dermatitis due to fiberglass. Conclusions: Occupational skin diseases are increasingly common in the wind energy industry. The main allergens are epoxy resins. Fiberglass tends to produce irritation (AU)

Sustentabilidade e cooperativismo: uma filosofia para o amanhã: anais do I Congresso Internacional do Instituto Brasileiro de pesquisas e estudos ambientais e cooperativos / Sustainability and cooperatives: a philosophy for tomorrow: proceedings of the First International Congress of the Brazilian Institute for Research and Environmental studies and cooperative

O livro apresenta a Carta de Vitória do Espírito Santo e também traz os seguintes estudos: Fundo Estadual de Recursos Hídricos (Fun dágua): um mecanismo de fortalecimento da gestão de recursos hídricos no Estado do Espírito Santo; O art. 5º, XXXV, da Constituição Federal como regra processual fundamental em defesa do direito material ambiental: o direito de agir em face de lesão ou ameaça ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado; O meio ambiente e o desenvolvimento econômico: uma visão realista dentro de uma nova ordem; Gestão integrada de recursos hídricos e costeiros: uma perspectiva legislativa; O cooperativismo na ordem constitu cional; Cooperação e crise: a prevalência da axiologia cooperativa no agir em presarial; Reserva legal e áreas de preservação permanente (APP): áreas de relevante importância ao Município; Estímulo econômico am biental via cooperativismo; Teoria finalística do ato cooperativo: uma nova visão; Sustentabilidade e sociedade; O meio ambiente do tra ba lho como indutor de desempenho econômico empresarial; Direito am biental municipal; Energia eólica: aspectos ambientais; e novos para digmas Sociais e econômicos no direito ambiental.

Energía eólica, abastecimiento renovable y sin contaminantes

El objetivo del artículo es presentar en líneas generales alternativas concretas y viables para la generación eoloeléctrica destinada a municipios, cooperativas de servicios públicos y barrios cerrados teniendo en cuenta que en la mayoría de estos casos existen problemáticas comunes respecto al abastecimiento eléctrico de puntos aislados

Energía eólica, abastecimiento renovable y sin contaminantes

El objetivo del artículo es presentar en líneas generales alternativas concretas y viables para la generación eoloeléctrica destinada a municipios, cooperativas de servicios públicos y barrios cerrados teniendo en cuenta que en la mayoría de estos casos existen problemáticas comunes respecto al abastecimiento eléctrico de puntos aislados

Energia para las escuelas rurales

Muchos establecimientos educativos del interior del pais no cuentan no electricidad,como solucion a este problema se esta desarrollando un programa integral,por el cual se utilizan sistemas de enrgia renovable para satisfacer a esta necesidad basica.Para cuantificar la demanda,se clasificaron a las escuelas rurales en dos grandes grupos: con y sin vivienda para el docente